| Array is a list of values of a fixed length. | |
| We declare an array by specifying its index range and type. |
var arr1: array[0..4, int]
echo arr1
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| If index range is to start at 0, we can use a shortcut by just expressing its length. |
var arr2: array[5, int]
echo arr2
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| Since we specify the array's index range, index starting with 0 is not a requirement. |
var arr3: array[10..15, string]
arr3[10] = "first element"
echo arr3
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| Array's index range can actually be of any ordinal type. |
var arr4: array['a'..'f', float]
arr4['c'] = 7.5
echo arr4
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| Array can also be initialized with values directly. In such cases, declaring an array type is not required. |
var arr5 = ['h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o']
echo arr5
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Use len proc to get array's length.
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echo "arr5 length: ", arr5.len
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Since it's possible for array's range to not start with 0, its low and high bounds
can be accessed with low and high procs.
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echo "first and last index of arr3: "
echo arr3.low
echo arr3.high
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| Multiple dimension arrays can be declared by specifying another array as outer array's value type. |
var arr2d: array[3, array[3, int]]
arr2d[1][1] = 99
echo arr2d
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Values of the array can be iterated with a for loop.
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for val in arr5:
stdout.write(val)
stdout.write('\n')
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for loop with value and its index.
Note that index starts at array index range's lower bound.
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for index, value in arr3:
echo index, "=", value
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$ nim c -r arrays.nim [0, 0, 0, 0, 0] [0, 0, 0, 0, 0] ["first element", "", "", "", "", ""] [0.0, 0.0, 7.5, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0] ['h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o'] arr5 length: 5 first and last index of arr3: 10 15 [[0, 0, 0], [0, 99, 0], [0, 0, 0]] hello 10=first element 11= 12= 13= 14= 15= |
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